{"id":"W186821225","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4612-1376-5_4","title":"Introduction to Numerical Methods","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Birkhäuser Boston eBooks","topic":"Numerical methods for differential equations","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Calculus (dental); Applied mathematics; Mathematics; Computer science; Differential equation; Mathematical analysis","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009144068,0.0008204324,0.001214823,0.0005360843,0.0002068421,0.00009163875,0.0005535077,0.000703969,0.003698182],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001109027,0.0007890777,0.0005335422,0.00009068171,0.0001339489,0.00006085298,0.0003262188,0.0009460888,0.001406142],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003340401,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001123812,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002531416,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000128838,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962152,0.0002989943,0.00105325,0.001126174,0.0006899353,0.0006164917],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963776,0.0008191631,0.0004907076,0.001549405,0.0002703989,0.0004927157],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005904666,0.00004700006,6.429897e-7,0.0000603854,0.0001748266,0.00001595284,0.0002054152,0.000001080527,0.0007686792,0.6433222,0.01672762,0.3386172],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001259965,0.0001163991,0.000002427237,0.00005167436,0.0002107531,0.0000266148,0.000006014731,0.000009255423,0.0006955158,0.4805455,0.5177367,0.0004731981],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.00001052765,0.00003348264,0.5547755,0.001046368,0.001301366,0.0007866969,0.00002439449,0.0004259373,0.4415957],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00001104946,0.000006767964,0.4778905,0.0002814528,0.002148123,0.00007957417,0.00001934298,0.0002527949,0.5193104],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.501009,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999456,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1074863885582311,"score_gpt":0.4027499776923603,"score_spread":0.2952635891341291,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}