{"id":"W1873440612","doi":"10.1111/j.1540-5982.2009.01536.x","title":"Economics of public good provision: auditing, outsourcing, and bribery","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d économique","topic":"Corruption and Economic Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Extortion; Outsourcing; Payment; Audit; Bargaining power; Business; Government (linguistics); Public good; Power (physics); Economics; Public economics; Finance; Microeconomics; Accounting; Marketing; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001905992,0.0002231338,0.0006165225,0.0007148745,0.0003612447,0.0002432458,0.0005023111,0.0002024076,0.0004913384],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003723512,0.0002898633,0.0001808885,0.0001022553,0.0003033151,0.0007046902,0.00002088067,0.0002564354,0.00001411403],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00224606,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005734183,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06965367,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9653109,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977177,0.00009276893,0.001085069,0.0003167933,0.000004021238,0.0007835859],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960971,0.0001255183,0.001053549,0.000248755,0.00020285,0.002272254],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002400335,0.00002206077,0.02329258,0.00001903987,0.000101092,0.00003134452,0.01055786,0.000757325,0.000004842114,0.790365,0.0004744878,0.1743504],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001929846,0.000705994,0.03167894,0.0002201399,0.00007460429,0.0004483038,0.01307425,0.001052352,0.00005615023,0.1389744,0.8105651,0.001219951],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9729406,0.0002224043,0.00004709587,0.009707083,0.001130264,0.0002142112,0.00004693814,0.000007888991,0.01568353],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959248,0.0006020188,0.0005296218,0.0008544974,0.0006006446,0.000003328916,0.000006042741,0.00002264324,0.001456357],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8956573,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999554,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1474683562237741,"score_gpt":0.2111670858731799,"score_spread":0.06369872964940573,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}