{"id":"W188370530","doi":"10.1007/s11618-014-0491-8","title":"Language experience changes language and cognitive ability","year":2014,"lang":"de","type":"article","venue":"Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft","topic":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":90,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","keywords":"Cognition; Psychology; Cognitive psychology; Set (abstract data type); Executive functions; Cognitive reserve; Control (management); Developmental psychology; Neuroscience; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002896263,0.0001933899,0.0003877431,0.0002827891,0.0002261065,0.001175952,0.0002139049,0.0005364968,0.006000665],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001475375,0.0002232701,0.0001871783,0.0002046429,0.0008428323,0.0007654809,0.0005991737,0.0007522466,0.0004369392],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002043506,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002818572,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005041639,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006638027,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997088,0.00005302126,0.00001883287,0.0000894254,0.00005594764,0.00007394554],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990327,0.0003400663,0.0002251112,0.0001075686,0.00005057368,0.0002439587],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.02130646,0.003017349,0.09745533,0.0002732758,0.0003821581,0.003296983,0.003984619,0.0003398041,0.7842098,0.002252799,0.001378143,0.0821033],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002580696,0.00355383,0.9516422,0.00002341803,0.0001252851,0.001388394,0.00288079,0.0003053257,0.03365284,0.003456918,0.002660295,0.00005265872],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983574,0.0001703704,0.00007342675,0.000103399,0.00002354383,0.000001516574,0.00003753152,0.000007495245,0.00122534],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979423,0.0001990014,0.00008662882,0.00006764086,0.00001515248,0.000004605701,0.00007389559,0.00001353523,0.001597319],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006000665,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02007425,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01577025500452403,"score_gpt":0.3124695332970947,"score_spread":0.2966992782925707,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}