{"id":"W1883957439","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2480097","title":"Signaling without Certification: The Critical Role of Civil Society Scrutiny","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Regulation and Compliance Studies","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Scrutiny; Certification; Political science; Civil society; Engineering ethics; Public relations; Public administration; Law; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.03059797,0.0004536675,0.001032363,0.00253777,0.004677807,0.01453867,0.002475615,0.01248676,0.009451014],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1027366,0.0003880992,0.0006885769,0.00178741,0.03277181,0.01889972,0.003922484,0.01074197,0.0007599954],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005711997,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01035332,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005967585,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003917262,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9758269,0.01283192,0.0005075795,0.002575162,0.005478861,0.002779584],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8476592,0.1164229,0.009762298,0.01340709,0.01002615,0.002722397],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003547976,0.00003650976,0.0007764522,0.0000463439,0.00001185575,0.00006380283,0.0009589706,0.0004307276,0.0001753028,0.9827027,0.003240348,0.01152138],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003394129,0.00006354799,0.002096682,0.0002561888,0.00002997326,0.00009621053,0.001812228,0.002223259,0.0006552137,0.9709061,0.02178514,0.00004167976],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1480473,0.01255164,0.04247203,0.2818975,0.001948625,0.000122196,0.0001266667,0.0001433629,0.5126907],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9838982,0.001819013,0.001259913,0.007568843,0.0009733664,0.00003712011,0.00001275825,0.0000406031,0.004390173],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03059797,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1618195,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01778538646517585,"score_gpt":0.2459153230423797,"score_spread":0.2281299365772038,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}