{"id":"W1897975294","doi":"10.22621/cfn.v121i1.386","title":"Were Native People Keystone Predators? A Continuous-Time Analysis of Wildlife Observations Made by Lewis and Clark in 1804-1806","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Field-Naturalist","topic":"Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Oxford; Utah State University","keywords":"Wildlife; Geography; Wildlife management; Wildlife conservation; Predation; Mammal; Grizzly Bears; Ecology; Bison bison; Ursus; Biology; Demography; Population","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005788096,0.0001140117,0.0000982505,0.001311197,0.0004160982,0.000501823,0.000228765,0.0002047625,0.0008470684],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001797048,0.00008753805,0.0001644583,0.0007902718,0.0003970316,0.0006132948,0.0004328359,0.0002048803,0.000153028],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004140425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002486259,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02648094,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04813567,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997304,0.00007568284,0.00002046905,0.00005694857,0.00006753735,0.00004889863],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989255,0.0003675477,0.0003227545,0.00004562818,0.0002366634,0.0001019969],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000806419,0.00002195389,0.9884602,0.00001526035,0.00001574963,0.0002134314,0.0032346,0.00003803758,0.0005793564,0.000116903,0.0002934523,0.006930439],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002045416,0.00006233524,0.9905972,0.0000137052,0.000009686465,0.0001438081,0.007788986,0.0002125406,0.0001561064,0.00004536508,0.0009620833,0.000006182469],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990172,0.0001354127,0.0001239349,0.00007130725,0.000004609739,0.000006824269,0.0001629129,0.000001152423,0.0004764365],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985884,0.0001697083,0.0003603028,0.00004533506,0.00001341849,0.00001633784,0.0002241978,0.00000120708,0.0005810083],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02648094,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05265361,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01852118886660889,"score_gpt":0.2185240198513975,"score_spread":0.2000028309847887,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}