{"id":"W1909730480","doi":"10.7717/peerj.1168","title":"Non-repeatable science: assessing the frequency of voucher specimen deposition reveals that most arthropod research cannot be verified","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PeerJ","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":88,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Voucher; Deposition (geology); Computer science; Data science; Biology; World Wide Web","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002288501,0.000101272,0.0001293879,0.00004906542,0.0004925819,0.0001752001,0.0004739522,0.00005354489,0.007247188],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000193635,0.00007464323,0.00003227614,0.0009667347,0.001276107,0.0005406311,0.0002896017,0.00018898,0.0003854169],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001007854,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001044956,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005911043,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005239055,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975837,0.00008213795,0.0001842527,0.000310466,0.001376961,0.0004624747],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991174,0.0000470029,0.0000874888,0.0004555198,0.0001273927,0.0001651527],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000191108,0.0002451119,0.1492488,0.00001826018,0.00001220815,0.00001499569,0.002905801,0.00004454103,0.7449501,0.002835563,0.09788071,0.001824855],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005698283,0.0001100066,0.8155288,0.00003517883,0.00001562721,0.00001875565,0.01824059,0.0001955088,0.1550093,0.001214021,0.008821045,0.0002413567],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.810874,0.00007740731,0.00004134446,0.001711386,0.0001699513,0.0002012409,0.00003554712,0.00001843355,0.1868707],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979218,0.00002191325,0.0002446896,0.0001746179,0.00004803661,0.00001984298,0.00003736015,0.000009243467,0.001522549],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.66628,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9936603,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1665790807501087,"score_gpt":0.3852782876123814,"score_spread":0.2186992068622727,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}