{"id":"W1910610542","doi":"10.1029/2002wr001490","title":"Relative permeability characteristics necessary for simulating DNAPL infiltration, redistribution, and immobilization in saturated porous media","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Groundwater flow and contamination studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Imbibition; Porous medium; Relative permeability; Saturation (graph theory); Mechanics; Curvature; Permeability (electromagnetism); Multiphase flow; Materials science; Porosity; Soil science; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Chemistry; Geometry; Mathematics; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001957216,0.0001235664,0.0001646443,0.00008839915,0.0004477456,0.0001036789,0.0001085306,0.00009328371,0.0001421089],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001061133,0.00009311281,0.000021124,0.000328206,0.0003523035,0.0003444706,0.0001225443,0.0002126444,0.00002188412],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002221797,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009288846,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001609018,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002185857,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979666,0.0004460232,0.0003543652,0.0003924354,0.0004241178,0.0004164894],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991927,0.0003866799,0.00004506986,0.0001676655,0.0001366597,0.00007129756],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001982182,0.0001965763,0.8974382,0.00008659983,0.00002571106,0.000009674241,0.04922703,0.000374878,0.03287353,0.0009246221,0.0002726622,0.01837232],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001473625,0.0002254181,0.9101247,0.00004603172,0.0000133592,0.000008516532,0.00479982,0.008183103,0.01527303,0.004020863,0.05543331,0.0003982679],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940864,0.00003887371,0.004379741,0.0002950185,0.00004040413,0.0005471128,0.00002231435,0.0000218427,0.0005682781],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987416,0.000009732213,0.0001432234,0.00002277643,0.00002770545,0.0001040138,0.0001619782,0.00001141325,0.0007775459],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05516065,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.379703,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03333082686435297,"score_gpt":0.2968350165036396,"score_spread":0.2635041896392867,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}