{"id":"W1924754311","doi":"10.19173/irrodl.v16i3.2196","title":"Let’s talk about digital learners in the digital era","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning","topic":"Digital literacy in education","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":154,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Digital native; Confusion; Homogeneous; Competence (human resources); Digital learning; Computer science; Mathematics education; Multimedia; Psychology; World Wide Web; Mathematics; Social psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004765475,0.00009349751,0.0001675105,0.0001333436,0.0000679495,0.00232997,0.003136292,0.00002319521,0.00001052292],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004723364,0.00005713478,0.0000370957,0.0008730032,0.0001722907,0.002158366,0.001177316,0.0006010392,0.00003573961],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001298229,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002794467,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001401262,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006043269,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977942,0.0003066533,0.0003792083,0.0002537908,0.001017177,0.0002490039],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982205,0.0009557843,0.0001201865,0.0003401749,0.0002897176,0.00007365789],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008282832,0.0005540095,0.05956308,0.0004648615,0.00003768761,0.00007776755,0.003720938,0.0004230717,0.000005880047,0.1725812,0.01369612,0.7487926],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001202637,0.0002681412,0.02725537,0.007583149,0.000003514286,0.0001716311,0.01011623,0.008672963,0.00001682878,0.02415035,0.9202513,0.0003079335],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3865177,0.02804656,0.004617327,0.1361834,0.0007264974,0.003144567,0.000204571,0.00007051997,0.4404889],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976852,0.001202981,0.00009783365,0.0002888851,0.00003926362,0.00005376169,0.0001570698,0.00000498302,0.0004700038],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9065551,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987057,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.09361826543572059,"score_gpt":0.427929398118477,"score_spread":0.3343111326827564,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}