{"id":"W1930631287","doi":"10.1002/2014wr016146","title":"Numerical investigation of methane and formation fluid leakage along the casing of a decommissioned shale gas well","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Québec Ministère du Développement Durable, de l’Environnement et de la Lutte Contre les Changements Climatiques; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministère des Ressources Naturelles et de la Faune","keywords":"Casing; Caprock; Borehole; Geology; Oil shale; Aquifer; Methane; Petroleum engineering; Groundwater; Geotechnical engineering; Permeability (electromagnetism); Petrology; Hydrology (agriculture); Soil science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003115435,0.000527402,0.0005261141,0.0005511556,0.0006803212,0.0007923318,0.0008782508,0.001632972,0.001930408],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001095619,0.0003383187,0.0005605451,0.000435456,0.0008118709,0.0003844289,0.0004427073,0.0006569652,0.0001109019],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002306614,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001418434,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1488491,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07879975,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998838,0.00002472109,0.000005888827,0.000024025,0.00002126578,0.00004045195],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992779,0.0003328947,0.0001073495,0.00003973476,0.0001286293,0.0001134948],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000103414,0.0000974927,0.006842782,0.00002037714,0.0000140475,0.000168305,0.00003211585,0.9900289,0.001427268,0.0002718984,0.00008809579,0.0009052177],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002617614,0.00008170425,0.002107454,0.000004202028,0.000006069901,0.00001071751,0.00005756348,0.9970676,0.0005181304,0.00004740876,0.00006622016,0.000006908549],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967444,0.00002534413,0.001070208,0.00006079648,0.000006966094,0.0000222154,0.0001883866,0.00004107008,0.001840598],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982644,0.00001563428,0.000875602,0.00001308304,0.000001337329,0.00001173155,0.0001053835,0.000004583793,0.000708428],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1488491,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2959654,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04587113008173282,"score_gpt":0.2845982151228456,"score_spread":0.2387270850411128,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}