{"id":"W1931736908","doi":"10.1002/esp.3211","title":"Mean and turbulent flow fields in a simulated ice‐covered channel with a gravel bed: some laboratory observations","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","topic":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Turbulence; Turbulence kinetic energy; Geology; Reynolds stress; Flume; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Open-channel flow; Geomorphology; Reynolds number; Meteorology; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003037836,0.0002752794,0.0003072025,0.0003228179,0.0003274391,0.000373319,0.0002777996,0.0003774081,0.0003396727],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00037623,0.0001472052,0.0003836208,0.0001935229,0.0003566553,0.0002151407,0.0001922568,0.00027169,0.00006477584],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003626255,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001997583,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00315732,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002998745,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998548,0.00002080039,0.000008008121,0.00004607591,0.00003146308,0.00003879041],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997146,0.0001181233,0.00004057751,0.00002760161,0.00004389626,0.00005528186],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003102124,0.003102106,0.2509314,0.0001509575,0.0002244129,0.001255269,0.001174758,0.0968206,0.6245,0.0004734632,0.0005901631,0.01767485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003636922,0.006309867,0.5666201,0.00003071384,0.0002218149,0.0003238113,0.0008382426,0.2432156,0.1807746,0.0002530146,0.000908018,0.0001405022],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9996167,0.000005445344,0.0002150717,0.000001973774,0.000001223269,0.000003571393,0.00006433503,0.00001610245,0.00007558487],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999424,0.000009012055,0.000355504,0.000002168197,0.000001328157,0.000009471414,0.0001309072,0.000002372123,0.00006530322],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00315732,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006277859,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01265307672837308,"score_gpt":0.1963539799343811,"score_spread":0.183700903206008,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}