{"id":"W1943495569","doi":"10.1002/jgrd.50255","title":"Models versus radiosondes in the free atmosphere: A new detection and attribution analysis of temperature","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Department of Energy and Climate Change","keywords":"Radiosonde; Environmental science; Atmosphere (unit); Stratosphere; Troposphere; Atmospheric sciences; Climatology; Ozone layer; Climate model; Greenhouse gas; Ozone depletion; Climate change; Meteorology; Geography; Geology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003031313,0.0006035428,0.000573048,0.001835091,0.0002944438,0.002390842,0.0009223963,0.0004606318,0.0006800373],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008420264,0.0004080713,0.0009495224,0.001529566,0.0006178389,0.001904863,0.001554129,0.0008846873,0.0001381978],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008042507,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007149813,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01204202,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008948508,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983626,0.0006352296,0.0001038871,0.0003728367,0.0003985741,0.0001267955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965822,0.00136095,0.000505226,0.0009521961,0.0004639974,0.0001353761],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007590442,0.0003563273,0.2372976,0.0001619803,0.001068796,0.0001745584,0.0003199435,0.6038781,0.01034752,0.01745457,0.002261609,0.1259199],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000252939,0.00005602783,0.0378918,0.00002041013,0.0000999698,0.00004210662,0.00007277571,0.9515581,0.003555122,0.005101088,0.001522316,0.00005493792],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8164155,0.0006118107,0.1737388,0.0006403138,0.000179518,0.00005938726,0.001881365,0.001245156,0.005228031],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9787403,0.0001397013,0.01981484,0.00003362662,0.00008167142,0.00001397277,0.0006955491,0.0001018475,0.0003784723],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01204202,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02394384,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04467212234068298,"score_gpt":0.307093629184207,"score_spread":0.2624215068435241,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}