{"id":"W1944240654","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1945951","title":"Rewarding Innovation: Improving Federal Tax Support for Business R&D in Canada","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Canadian Policy and Governance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Incentive; Productivity; Business; Tax incentive; Tax credit; Public economics; Economics; Market economy; Economic growth","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001587687,0.00008536257,0.0001262515,0.0001089831,0.0004972046,0.00005221833,0.0002351034,0.00005045631,0.00007009261],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004402499,0.00009235639,0.00003099009,0.0006539382,0.00003805912,0.0002938445,0.00001226367,0.0005558613,0.000002354706],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005871779,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.05305462,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9960365,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9999002,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974532,0.00004101031,0.0002721776,0.0001312539,0.0002321535,0.001870257],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994282,0.00003424847,0.000201111,0.00007455639,0.000184316,0.00007753825],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001091942,0.00002814523,0.0354195,0.00002024394,0.0000550849,0.00001846938,0.004945588,0.00001421385,0.0001219201,0.889417,0.01602241,0.05382823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002092944,0.0001417198,0.05262621,0.0000744783,0.000026053,0.0002275892,0.01594965,0.0000279818,0.0001194909,0.3195643,0.6082876,0.0008620754],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9663208,0.0004263241,0.007153272,0.01179581,0.001171236,0.000455552,0.00007470609,0.00001906833,0.01258323],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9893917,0.0001711556,0.0001510792,0.0008833893,0.0005480743,0.000009147943,0.000002945691,0.00001214156,0.008830302],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5922651,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9979445,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02697566751985191,"score_gpt":0.2641075606999744,"score_spread":0.2371318931801225,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}