{"id":"W1944732043","doi":"10.24059/olj.v16i1.175","title":"Enrollment in Distance Education Classes is Associated with Fewer Enrollment Gaps Among Independent Undergraduate Students in the US","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Online Learning","topic":"Higher Education Research Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Graduation (instrument); Distance education; Test (biology); Psychology; Mathematics education; Medical education; Higher education; Quarter (Canadian coin); Preference; Medicine; Mathematics; Political science; Statistics; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007225337,0.0001678303,0.00022365,0.000803755,0.0004872853,0.0008159334,0.0003846377,0.0005670838,0.003633462],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004666161,0.0001416835,0.0003588793,0.0008488399,0.0003515919,0.0005000453,0.001076609,0.001025584,0.0003650072],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003360433,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006773094,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009016017,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01314974,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994075,0.0001186563,0.00006121467,0.0001084718,0.000163911,0.0001401994],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9942491,0.0006559165,0.002691151,0.0002468071,0.0004233783,0.00173358],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004104032,0.0001647248,0.9962834,0.000004330364,0.00001142527,0.00001806268,0.00008829063,0.0000320509,0.00008642446,0.00002885563,0.0001375441,0.003104061],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001882136,0.00005282004,0.9994513,0.000003167558,0.000003672092,0.0000195887,0.0001982975,0.0001138272,0.00002645563,0.00003704899,0.00009031545,0.000001589501],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992366,0.00005119179,0.00004472067,0.0001176894,0.000005015272,0.000003664408,0.00009099097,0.000005135293,0.0004450524],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994524,0.00003508839,0.00003543661,0.00005132644,0.000007819264,0.000003498976,0.0001778609,0.000001838802,0.0002346695],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009016017,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01792705,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01879675110961431,"score_gpt":0.389774539693871,"score_spread":0.3709777885842567,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}