{"id":"W1948109618","doi":"","title":"Competition Policy, Patent Pools and Copyright Collectives","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Intellectual Property and Patents","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Intellectual property; License; Downstream (manufacturing); Competition (biology); Business; Upstream (networking); Industrial organization; Competition policy; Product (mathematics); International trade; Marketing; Computer science; Telecommunications","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005897846,0.0001531165,0.0001501496,0.0002821033,0.0004515596,0.0001627887,0.0001658908,0.00006054404,0.0004139182],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006654287,0.0001155342,0.00006365078,0.0002922628,0.00006720582,0.0006690181,0.0000654152,0.0006958592,0.0002555414],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002076771,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002902262,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00121323,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005505125,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982781,0.00002331651,0.0002035056,0.0001650659,0.0001672425,0.001162768],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996063,0.00001404255,0.0001386897,0.00007878176,0.0001438124,0.00001842601],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004443141,0.0001843865,0.00513591,0.00003562931,0.0001973116,0.00001106469,0.0004932863,0.000003084108,0.0004039342,0.9809763,0.001014561,0.01110024],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001644142,0.000314848,0.007768851,0.00008553155,0.00009900771,0.0003726667,0.002014052,0.001002404,0.0003858901,0.9673699,0.0184425,0.0005001918],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.791796,0.001544324,0.004702824,0.001385578,0.0005581893,0.0004172491,0.000002205252,0.0001271529,0.1994665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950327,0.0008411722,0.000023962,0.000829316,0.0008948131,0.000004822926,0.000004490382,0.00002117526,0.002347531],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2032367,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4711346,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08908292705124932,"score_gpt":0.2129830883986225,"score_spread":0.1239001613473732,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}