{"id":"W1949068615","doi":"","title":"Linguistic and Literacy Predictors of Early Spelling in First and Second Language Learners.","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Spelling; Linguistics; Fluency; Phonological awareness; Vocabulary; Reading (process); Literacy; Psychology; Computer science; Written language; Orthography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006782283,0.000341987,0.0002203064,0.0009128872,0.0002214856,0.0006530262,0.0002276427,0.0005106718,0.002200966],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006335313,0.0001741568,0.0002635849,0.0004095208,0.0003421119,0.0003383326,0.0004698829,0.0004449354,0.0005259239],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002415771,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003753514,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007515904,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008030643,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996741,0.00005514514,0.00005258174,0.00006174431,0.00009195728,0.00006453327],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9939002,0.002427721,0.002047568,0.0001940593,0.0006372049,0.0007932322],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009251925,0.00003007008,0.9966485,0.000006565814,0.00001152721,0.0001167345,0.0004249499,0.00004739652,0.0006515346,0.00002026862,0.00002736158,0.001922487],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000249529,0.0001224947,0.9988596,0.000004087293,0.000005021591,0.0002297584,0.0003173158,0.0001592297,0.0002123749,0.00002109245,0.00006357025,0.000002858208],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9996051,0.00006021434,0.00002980357,0.00001132918,0.000001434499,0.000001540918,0.00006736839,0.000001917859,0.0002213613],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993087,0.0000334919,0.00008978989,0.000005282905,0.000001661246,0.000005468773,0.0001291898,0.000002103706,0.0004242723],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007515904,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01494431,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01753368468858471,"score_gpt":0.2961909173999093,"score_spread":0.2786572327113246,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}