{"id":"W1959983418","doi":"10.1111/ecog.01973","title":"Biological invasion hotspots: a trait‐based perspective reveals new sub‐continental patterns","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecography","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"McGill University; U.S. Forest Service; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Species richness; Invasive species; Ecology; Forb; Introduced species; Biology; Trait; Biodiversity hotspot; Geography; Biodiversity; Grassland","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009705945,0.0002073178,0.0004191313,0.002504134,0.0004783278,0.001370934,0.0004148423,0.0003184923,0.001322572],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001605828,0.0001870288,0.000356406,0.001914784,0.0008499208,0.000773641,0.001302578,0.0003374447,0.0001365541],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001961527,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001281319,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003557972,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008170445,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996113,0.00007938358,0.00003348834,0.0001723152,0.00004451321,0.00005892719],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988122,0.0003456689,0.0004249481,0.0001720094,0.000136822,0.0001083278],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006887141,0.0000163783,0.9821827,0.00005828369,0.0002269667,0.00009667072,0.001881763,0.0005041518,0.005859954,0.0006296554,0.0001057183,0.008368882],"study_design_scores_gemma":[9.192346e-7,0.00001088859,0.9984092,0.000006464494,0.00001567524,0.00006599276,0.0006201941,0.0004434968,0.00007924229,0.0001557018,0.0001881103,0.00000414178],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981154,0.0002686405,0.0004582454,0.00003306996,0.000001714212,0.000005592283,0.0001288564,0.00001199095,0.0009765914],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994197,0.00006374434,0.0002922394,0.00001045305,0.000003582965,0.000003832376,0.0001396496,0.00000472184,0.00006203164],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003557972,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007074535,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03085316791534116,"score_gpt":0.2511214630349618,"score_spread":0.2202682951196206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}