{"id":"W1963685850","doi":"10.1021/la902284k","title":"Bilayered Self-Oriented Membrane Fouling and Impact of Magnesium on CaCO<sub>3</sub> Formation during Consecutive Electrodialysis Treatments","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Langmuir","topic":"Membrane-based Ion Separation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Electrodialysis; Fouling; Magnesium; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Caco-2; Materials science; Chemistry; Chromatography; Metallurgy; Biochemistry; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008015491,0.0001994382,0.0002657634,0.0002659868,0.00006378242,0.00001996699,0.00005368953,0.00009323782,0.00001330849],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001389757,0.0001804229,0.00009420779,0.0002995151,0.00001244742,0.0002111393,0.00000624225,0.00009504869,0.000009195396],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001815968,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001404964,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001420035,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004130452,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991293,0.00004067913,0.0002834714,0.0001603041,0.0001630528,0.0002231909],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999585,0.00003582945,0.00008702777,0.0001691981,0.00005840748,0.00006458345],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009259992,0.00005022739,0.0001737278,0.00006573661,0.00007181634,0.000005686843,0.0006760068,0.001149823,0.9967251,0.00004455557,0.00009751322,0.0008472025],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007973711,0.0002620323,0.0111554,0.00002177096,0.00006210916,0.00001184601,0.00002141421,0.007660575,0.9798064,0.00003104533,0.0000112534,0.0001588235],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971953,0.00008827056,0.0008197354,0.00002649562,0.00002217202,0.0002986751,0.00003409079,0.0005616384,0.0009536067],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993672,0.0001112705,0.0003372932,0.00002298966,0.0000334395,0.00001935525,0.00007583095,0.00002080617,0.00001178606],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01691874,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7357433,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00512566608476765,"score_gpt":0.2272039534990811,"score_spread":0.2220782874143135,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}