{"id":"W1964137370","doi":"10.1353/lan.0.0084","title":"Peaks beyond phonology: Adolescence, incrementation, and language change","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Language","topic":"Linguistic Variation and Morphology","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":399,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Linguistics; Linguistic change; Sound change; Language change; Focus (optics); Phonology; Psychology; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002819911,0.00006539287,0.00009318029,0.00006294585,0.0001802765,0.00003226045,0.000102543,0.00008120856,0.0005116122],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002711006,0.00006406541,0.00001752289,0.0001229545,0.00009093303,0.00007544311,0.00001798008,0.00007936958,0.00005545418],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002686736,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003050041,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002513337,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00160779,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993249,0.00009726086,0.000100681,0.0001534862,0.0001201222,0.0002035262],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996998,0.00003338464,0.00005108909,0.0001044931,0.00003355915,0.00007772874],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002997132,0.0001273304,0.01836047,0.00001415413,0.00001937133,0.0002035801,0.6546426,1.369719e-7,0.009296101,0.2179401,0.005656799,0.09370939],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003237849,0.000326969,0.6565903,0.00006002656,0.00010356,0.00003451053,0.2002636,0.00005999729,0.002289363,0.006346915,0.1297692,0.0009177229],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8576104,0.001298947,0.0002542922,0.007454399,0.0006098048,0.0003932893,0.00001749852,0.0002362845,0.1321251],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9902871,0.00005925473,0.0008213215,0.006391218,0.0006481797,0.000007178781,0.000021159,0.000004354943,0.001760211],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6382298,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5601795,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01982411001881421,"score_gpt":0.3263996339718218,"score_spread":0.3065755239530075,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}