{"id":"W1964380578","doi":"10.1177/0309133313516481","title":"The composite nature of physical geography","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Physical Geography Earth and Environment","topic":"Cryospheric studies and observations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"George (robot); Product (mathematics); Geography; Anthropology; Library science; Sociology; History; Art history; Computer science; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000127603,0.0001581081,0.0002216626,0.00003175511,0.0002514354,0.00003574942,0.000161845,0.00004516711,0.00001831752],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005514276,0.00009942389,0.000146984,0.0002207749,0.0006862482,0.00006440063,0.00003897393,0.0002400229,0.00000784399],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":7.223365e-7,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002327705,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009105671,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005367725,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998923,0.00006082455,0.0001573071,0.0002594224,0.0002880789,0.0003113523],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993473,0.0002670127,0.00007448415,0.0002104933,0.000008504757,0.00009219614],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002106679,0.0000857665,0.7568514,0.000009272525,0.00002505959,4.693859e-7,0.0000885551,0.0002806024,0.000003567949,0.0003845055,0.000006504934,0.2422432],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002376633,0.0002316213,0.9731312,0.00001221171,0.00001906163,4.096973e-7,0.00004988732,0.009164232,0.00004283244,0.002506742,0.01448118,0.0001229092],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919903,0.006892246,0.00001386268,0.0003046366,0.00006546012,0.0001755764,0.00002043381,0.00001366016,0.0005238525],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985676,0.0008835148,0.000328325,0.00006753887,0.000117187,0.000009045794,0.00001893164,0.000003302151,0.000004564579],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2421203,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4054388,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004241867860448628,"score_gpt":0.1918652999612932,"score_spread":0.1876234321008446,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}