{"id":"W1965105561","doi":"10.1111/j.1540-5982.2006.00393.x","title":"Global terrorism: deterrence versus pre‐emption","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d économique","topic":"Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":197,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Inefficiency; Terrorism; Preemption; Deterrence theory; Damages; Deterrence (psychology); Economics; Public economics; Business; Law and economics; Political science; Microeconomics; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007740129,0.0002819316,0.0004721535,0.0003205834,0.0004428509,0.0002553025,0.0008472292,0.0002983765,0.0003534832],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000232827,0.0003484761,0.0002605523,0.0001849849,0.0004964611,0.0008018141,0.00001809278,0.0002898561,0.00004548176],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004735071,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003863507,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7318141,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9980918,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973801,0.000152369,0.0008585076,0.0003613813,0.000009610875,0.001238071],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966896,0.0001584845,0.000520999,0.0003279266,0.0002282898,0.002074678],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006126668,0.00009049312,0.1123617,0.0000589679,0.0002638033,0.0006823398,0.05032219,0.003905106,0.00001347679,0.7924207,0.009304846,0.0299637],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005319537,0.002107745,0.08198218,0.0006010808,0.0003586677,0.0006432476,0.08513213,0.001757561,0.00008795707,0.5460557,0.2728658,0.003088346],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9858955,0.0002296706,0.0002243272,0.002469164,0.005888751,0.0002037138,0.0001516402,0.00001744094,0.004919796],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962946,0.00007757987,0.00008628015,0.0003410906,0.002636898,0.000007089655,0.00001175671,0.00002560636,0.0005191652],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2662777,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998967,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1153914291093154,"score_gpt":0.2376634259223326,"score_spread":0.1222719968130172,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}