{"id":"W1966252274","doi":"10.1016/j.ic.2005.09.003","title":"Learning expressions and programs over monoids","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Information and Computation","topic":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Aperiodic graph; Monoid; Learnability; Mathematics; Connection (principal bundle); Class (philosophy); Group (periodic table); Algebraic number; Discrete mathematics; Algebra over a field; Computer science; Combinatorics; Pure mathematics; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002510502,0.0006233901,0.0006820868,0.001842981,0.001011479,0.003678014,0.00139808,0.001068099,0.004601288],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01756369,0.0008693484,0.00106745,0.002782971,0.002640413,0.01127929,0.003037866,0.00229362,0.0008535815],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001400501,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001008413,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001403894,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001210105,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973674,0.0009713186,0.0002732014,0.0006815804,0.0005373119,0.000169188],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9899247,0.007679509,0.0005325364,0.0008140727,0.0008304772,0.0002187189],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001085552,0.00003851706,0.001680203,0.0001976094,0.00003435672,0.0001171784,0.0008323444,0.01235733,0.00116334,0.8826859,0.002604523,0.09818015],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001051962,0.0000187377,0.0001702158,0.00004760851,0.0000238793,0.00008452675,0.0001005965,0.03794035,0.001253319,0.9552943,0.005042003,0.00001398712],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.05810139,0.0009807195,0.931017,0.001404863,0.00008169143,0.00006491071,0.0004646105,0.001031311,0.006853516],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6123703,0.001524078,0.3699891,0.0005664662,0.0002672413,0.0002668878,0.001384487,0.0004252966,0.01320625],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004601288,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0153929,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007052188450019767,"score_gpt":0.2516213648885525,"score_spread":0.2445691764385327,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}