{"id":"W1966456072","doi":"10.1016/j.clay.2011.01.033","title":"Controlling factors of the swelling of various bentonites and their correlations with the hydraulic conductivity of soil-bentonite mixtures","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Clay Science","topic":"Soil and Unsaturated Flow","field":"Engineering","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Bentonite; Hydraulic conductivity; Atterberg limits; Swelling; Cation-exchange capacity; Swell; Montmorillonite; Soil science; Expansive clay; Void ratio; Chemistry; Mineralogy; Geology; Soil water; Geotechnical engineering; Materials science; Composite material; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002169041,0.0001129202,0.0001670894,0.00006048665,0.0001458366,0.00001248653,0.0002930591,0.00004116344,0.00000459375],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001441249,0.00005346286,0.00003106515,0.0005524554,0.0008495515,0.00009804542,0.00003374099,0.0001549171,2.325589e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008863434,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003784196,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001264778,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004191959,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993578,0.00001190501,0.0001616944,0.0001298568,0.000179013,0.0001597388],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993404,0.0002035553,0.0001130833,0.0002397813,0.00007079635,0.00003236689],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002668149,0.00003937888,0.01212958,0.00003796712,0.00006883327,1.237105e-7,0.01684488,0.1064041,0.8571032,0.006262869,0.000004868826,0.001077583],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023869,0.00002624359,0.03249206,0.00002828995,0.00003565061,0.000001692857,0.001308172,0.03836367,0.9265003,0.0008890216,0.00001378673,0.0001024078],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9931827,0.0002156991,0.002845724,0.00001232269,0.0000806859,0.0001698059,0.000007617559,0.00002189657,0.003463506],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998158,0.00001583496,0.0001324538,0.000009703942,0.00000691947,0.000004986287,5.237895e-7,0.00000766319,0.000006074174],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06939714,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3130208,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01268005688388568,"score_gpt":0.1814867470005728,"score_spread":0.1688066901166871,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}