{"id":"W1966606939","doi":"10.1017/s0890060407070175","title":"Using language as related stimuli for concept generation","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Artificial intelligence for engineering design analysis and manufacturing","topic":"Design Education and Practice","field":"Engineering","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Verb; Computer science; Linguistics; Psychology; Reflexive verb; Modal verb; Natural language processing; Cognitive psychology; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007432755,0.0001881324,0.0002269426,0.0003730059,0.0001261584,0.0001180699,0.000084279,0.0001011794,0.00005006709],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001358064,0.0002045241,0.000132937,0.0002724914,0.00001770379,0.0002095222,0.000008013902,0.0001021692,0.000005732678],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006455187,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001138538,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004848833,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001804658,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989088,0.00001324,0.0004201947,0.0002383189,0.00009794796,0.0003214965],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991562,0.0004760584,0.00005865706,0.0001500124,0.00004683595,0.0001122823],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001717399,0.00001204289,0.000001623624,0.00002525845,0.0003114945,0.000001491425,0.0008393536,0.875541,0.06893031,0.001445613,0.00002033118,0.05285436],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000232615,0.00002261752,0.000009769766,0.000004626953,0.0002453523,0.000002406144,0.0001945081,0.550125,0.44842,0.000322015,0.00048136,0.0001491354],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07797486,0.0003311679,0.9206936,0.00002139995,0.0003890694,0.0003778565,0.000006373686,0.0001738536,0.00003180682],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9234895,0.00002313593,0.07611351,0.00002366745,0.0001949518,0.00002550643,0.00004403022,0.00003720041,0.000048504],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8455147,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8340251,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0832191625980587,"score_gpt":0.3391932518768602,"score_spread":0.2559740892788015,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}