{"id":"W1966730335","doi":"10.1162/rest.91.1.83","title":"Professor Qualities and Student Achievement","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Review of Economics and Statistics","topic":"Higher Education Research Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":140,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Salary; Rank (graph theory); Quality (philosophy); Psychology; Selection (genetic algorithm); Outlier; Mathematics education; Student achievement; Teacher quality; Medical education; Academic achievement; Statistics; Computer science; Mathematics; Marketing; Medicine; Economics; Artificial intelligence; Business; Service (business)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002128085,0.0001952691,0.0004091074,0.001686156,0.000680736,0.002045018,0.0004218661,0.000276865,0.009772273],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01645064,0.0001002889,0.0003550686,0.00245763,0.0004267734,0.0007776468,0.00119927,0.0007379759,0.002168019],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005059087,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004915131,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001482369,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001804474,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974821,0.0009770658,0.0001815227,0.0003469926,0.0006657706,0.0003464576],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9815776,0.004342341,0.007568362,0.0007689137,0.002148112,0.003594685],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001583301,0.000248088,0.9380239,0.00008836389,0.0001573881,0.00009094604,0.000988731,0.000380213,0.0003022173,0.002906632,0.001929086,0.05472607],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001473739,0.0002752684,0.9899795,0.00003162655,0.00006098376,0.0001145517,0.0007780941,0.0003646234,0.0003383536,0.001596199,0.006434701,0.00001127984],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9652823,0.001734446,0.001291311,0.0009616348,0.00007060282,0.00002148872,0.0005272159,0.00008235937,0.03002865],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994904,0.0004497525,0.0002035054,0.0000341398,0.00005521317,0.000007861084,0.000193862,0.00001480291,0.004136839],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009772273,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03269148,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05767580060656137,"score_gpt":0.4442247364057203,"score_spread":0.3865489357991589,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}