{"id":"W1966773213","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.00914.x","title":"Field Study of Subsurface Heterogeneity with Steady‐State Hydraulic Tomography","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ground Water","topic":"Groundwater flow and contamination studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Stantec (Canada); University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Hydraulic conductivity; Plume; Environmental remediation; Soil science; Groundwater; Groundwater flow; Electrical resistivity tomography; Tomography; Environmental science; Geology; Flow (mathematics); Hydrology (agriculture); Geotechnical engineering; Aquifer; Contamination; Mechanics; Soil water; Physics; Electrical resistivity and conductivity; Meteorology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004626358,0.0001849314,0.0002322163,0.00058893,0.0002816976,0.0002963222,0.0004916452,0.0002868648,0.0004577043],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008973069,0.0002075617,0.0001803775,0.0007052399,0.0007804277,0.0006009799,0.0003838225,0.0002670616,0.00005457532],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006337013,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005439615,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01240362,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01146059,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998381,0.00003150736,0.000008053895,0.00004137581,0.00005133602,0.00002948255],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994956,0.0002021017,0.00007906758,0.00006393349,0.0001267098,0.00003249916],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008351633,0.001012847,0.1665671,0.000143366,0.00007633305,0.0005133232,0.0008686092,0.2124613,0.5626466,0.00198362,0.00060666,0.05228507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001404296,0.001018081,0.1812187,0.00001453951,0.00005049013,0.0002124593,0.0005108602,0.7146054,0.1000185,0.001249621,0.000886714,0.00007423438],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9895223,0.00002020772,0.009804845,0.00003336758,0.000001946021,0.00001710787,0.00007854355,0.00006970781,0.0004520675],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950544,0.00001453004,0.004747838,0.000006586311,0.000001771495,0.00001082075,0.00005708614,0.000004017306,0.0001029566],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01240362,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02466279,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01360987673553127,"score_gpt":0.2213700755690792,"score_spread":0.2077601988335479,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}