{"id":"W1967552063","doi":"10.1364/ol.30.001057","title":"Characterization of ultrashort electron pulses by electron-laser pulse cross correlation","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrashort pulse; Multiphoton intrapulse interference phase scan; Optics; Femtosecond pulse shaping; Laser; Electron; Pulse (music); Bandwidth-limited pulse; Pulse duration; Physics; Ultrafast laser spectroscopy; Ultrafast electron diffraction; Frequency-resolved optical gating; Envelope (radar); Ponderomotive force; Materials science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002576031,0.0001859577,0.0001590544,0.0009887466,0.0002732062,0.0003019532,0.000385727,0.0002269834,0.00118417],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000628642,0.0001338787,0.00007247917,0.000606567,0.000314954,0.0003574108,0.000213178,0.0004771567,0.000194238],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002642822,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003193004,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000549465,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001159982,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998864,0.000008711649,0.000003290005,0.00002119295,0.00006362704,0.00001671309],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991804,0.0003511105,0.0001769427,0.00006992185,0.0001664936,0.00005504363],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002841039,0.00009239612,0.005673816,0.0001075536,0.00002664708,0.0002274938,0.0001488138,0.001654448,0.9468553,0.002272313,0.0001707844,0.0424863],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001739123,0.0003561219,0.03349604,0.00001804436,0.00002661534,0.00084957,0.00008793551,0.03621402,0.9255641,0.0007635622,0.002572011,0.00003463927],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9407976,0.001103266,0.05528333,0.00005225142,0.00002881808,0.00004202946,0.0002130534,0.0002189709,0.002260644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9728558,0.0005141412,0.02460171,0.0000332974,0.00001723073,0.00004917795,0.0001821288,0.00004005734,0.001706366],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00118417,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003961444,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.003973183858474868,"score_gpt":0.2323137143333334,"score_spread":0.2283405304748585,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}