{"id":"W1967757406","doi":"10.1198/tast.2009.0028","title":"Design Effect Caveats","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The American Statistician","topic":"Water Quality and Resources Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Statistics Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Simple (philosophy); Variance (accounting); Statistics; Computer science; Design of experiments; Econometrics; Mathematics; Economics; Epistemology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002918976,0.00009933006,0.0001528483,0.000009187614,0.0002423464,0.0000194702,0.0001979468,0.000007084269,0.0001375258],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003823555,0.0000553565,0.00002313588,0.00016488,0.0005988172,0.00002388771,0.00004883408,0.00007291781,0.0006374442],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004102724,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001911291,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009560414,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003213899,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990434,0.0002955779,0.00009651491,0.0001446936,0.000181883,0.000237938],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994109,0.0002876607,0.00007227029,0.0001806824,0.000001955915,0.00004658912],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003090477,0.0001124332,0.01022738,0.000005940116,0.0000620775,0.00007271884,0.01031601,0.004482415,0.007652356,0.0006540599,0.05255489,0.9135507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003583534,0.00271872,0.9683888,0.0000131262,0.00008554079,0.00001793027,0.0007123686,0.001375218,0.00299539,0.00897019,0.01391056,0.0004538397],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8572154,0.0000642372,0.1088862,0.004400434,0.00008812136,0.0005096715,0.00001755006,0.0001354003,0.02868302],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938837,0.00001076295,0.003359348,0.002171699,0.00003538678,0.000006146319,0.000001134385,0.000005394065,0.0005264345],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9581614,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8193268,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0334271747039749,"score_gpt":0.2676757398685364,"score_spread":0.2342485651645615,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}