{"id":"W1968581964","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2012.06.062","title":"District heating (DH) network design and operation toward a system-wide methodology for optimizing renewable energy solutions (SMORES) in Canada: A case study","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy","topic":"Integrated Energy Systems Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":94,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Renewable energy; Engineering; Energy system; Environmental economics; Process engineering; Environmental science; Computer science; Electrical engineering; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006104599,0.0004112255,0.0003836745,0.0003993315,0.001081606,0.001030343,0.0007638001,0.0003895946,0.001693482],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007023692,0.0002538046,0.0003252956,0.0008694673,0.000463786,0.000371492,0.0003523415,0.0004301411,0.00009502366],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00773347,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007269358,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6186002,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7695048,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997274,0.00008979582,0.000006198104,0.00003489139,0.00006639599,0.0000752622],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997699,0.00008545588,0.00001041433,0.00001266649,0.00009765076,0.00002400715],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004806519,0.00003427982,0.001700673,0.0000309117,0.00001056235,0.00003576189,0.00004418751,0.9785029,0.001342855,0.002959587,0.0004550812,0.01483496],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000171113,0.00004184287,0.001557539,0.000003767266,0.00001485338,0.00001119841,0.0001564949,0.9941802,0.001627811,0.00101892,0.001363461,0.000006806886],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7590304,0.0002917206,0.2063069,0.0004088418,0.00002050538,0.0003736,0.0007002735,0.0005699121,0.0322978],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9602203,0.000106943,0.03525154,0.00001765222,0.000002412996,0.00004796183,0.0001561528,0.00003908174,0.004157981],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3813998,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7672919,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0541874475290352,"score_gpt":0.2410381930386364,"score_spread":0.1868507455096012,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}