{"id":"W1969055175","doi":"10.1007/s10765-012-1292-z","title":"Lock-in and Heterodyne Carrierographic Imaging Characterization of Industrial Multicrystalline Silicon Solar Cells","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Thermophysics","topic":"Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Solar cell; Heterodyne (poetry); Optics; Carrier lifetime; Optoelectronics; Amplitude; Image resolution; Silicon; Surface photovoltage; Physics; Spectroscopy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001459188,0.0001455079,0.0002183453,0.0003170297,0.0002238567,0.0004039988,0.0003143435,0.0003286131,0.0008393567],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004138969,0.0001133733,0.00009203873,0.0002868678,0.0002820507,0.000317745,0.000165993,0.0001853452,0.000109995],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005717319,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002600275,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002133032,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003126466,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998241,0.00001398122,0.000006383436,0.00003900816,0.00008806954,0.00002845978],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997236,0.0001216055,0.00004397703,0.00002758155,0.00006943199,0.0000137317],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001339725,0.00002078439,0.001548612,0.00001899985,0.000003003396,0.00003665538,0.00007921793,0.0004624735,0.9922814,0.0001064861,0.00005770178,0.005250707],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006908092,0.00009392804,0.01028702,0.000002426791,0.000006012996,0.00007655802,0.00007908764,0.01025729,0.9788159,0.00002523313,0.000344438,0.000005162678],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977581,0.00017083,0.001228215,0.0000245752,0.000004645165,0.000004303399,0.00005342661,0.00002635659,0.000729549],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987428,0.00004110398,0.0007713177,0.000005059033,0.000001790748,0.000002280237,0.00002526821,0.000006266416,0.0004040746],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002133032,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004241168,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01069121320956895,"score_gpt":0.212314537413436,"score_spread":0.2016233242038671,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}