{"id":"W1969388238","doi":"10.1175/jas3662.1","title":"Sensitivity Studies of the Importance of Dust Ice Nuclei for the Indirect Aerosol Effect on Stratiform Mixed-Phase Clouds","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences","topic":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":304,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences; Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum","keywords":"Ice nucleus; Atmospheric sciences; Kaolinite; Environmental science; Liquid water path; Precipitation; Aerosol; Ice crystals; Clear ice; Atmosphere (unit); Sea ice growth processes; Climatology; Geology; Mineralogy; Arctic ice pack; Sea ice; Meteorology; Physics; Thermodynamics; Sea ice thickness","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002515762,0.0001823554,0.0004050843,0.000001312834,0.0006641301,0.00004592982,0.000864342,0.00005388361,0.00005234592],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005650123,0.00007053035,0.0003440607,0.0006959609,0.00124883,0.0001978246,0.00004237461,0.0002138619,9.087292e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001389072,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001706434,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002133379,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005208924,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980621,0.0001863276,0.0005789636,0.0001764661,0.0007260387,0.000270152],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9958972,0.002287946,0.001328516,0.000299767,0.0001437155,0.0000428836],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007007264,0.0002902814,0.800467,0.0002002821,0.0003523829,0.00001364326,0.0007589101,0.1445193,0.02791163,0.0001216652,0.006314746,0.0183494],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002525369,0.004021412,0.5973916,0.0006557306,0.0004889778,0.0002623289,0.004770708,0.02558644,0.3609703,0.00178334,0.001030792,0.0005129566],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957047,0.001454009,0.00002717269,0.0009485934,0.0009352536,0.0002825313,0.00002744295,0.000004863733,0.000615404],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986477,0.0000459544,0.0007707297,0.00014047,0.0002387275,0.00000109188,3.43103e-7,0.000003174717,0.0001517633],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3330587,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5108019,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02283837748666019,"score_gpt":0.2719276538763367,"score_spread":0.2490892763896765,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}