{"id":"W1969840570","doi":"10.1289/ehp.02110679","title":"Trichloroacetic acid as a biomarker of exposure to disinfection by-products in drinking water: a human exposure trial in Adelaide, Australia.","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Health Perspectives","topic":"Water Treatment and Disinfection","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Ingestion; Excretion; Urine; Biomarker; Trichloroacetic acid; Chemistry; Tap water; Urinary system; Physiology; Toxicology; Medicine; Internal medicine; Biochemistry; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003612161,0.000296475,0.0003614172,0.0002334287,0.0001672635,0.00002396085,0.0001383105,0.0001171728,0.003085239],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000172118,0.0002597392,0.00008029779,0.0003884297,0.0001636214,0.0003936478,0.0001210287,0.0001986448,0.0004358789],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00167786,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004197418,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00321598,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008532299,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974538,0.000252337,0.0005689286,0.0007451976,0.0003963863,0.0005833375],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993888,0.00001852114,0.0001246961,0.0002972409,0.00000194701,0.0001687967],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002933983,0.008708979,0.6085189,0.00005630957,0.00003616295,0.00003165149,0.05761679,0.0005430211,0.3143898,0.00002613722,0.001057192,0.006081134],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.03071291,0.009727012,0.902661,0.000105461,0.00002497703,0.00002582437,0.00696961,0.00004360029,0.04793678,0.0002909337,0.0007646193,0.0007372816],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965603,0.0004055552,0.00001038343,0.0007552695,0.0001329529,0.001393593,0.000009904154,0.00003135767,0.0007006914],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984657,0.0001211491,0.0000945274,0.0000496037,0.00004705409,0.0001364508,0.00003274711,0.0000272772,0.001025537],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2941421,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999855,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03023551547130745,"score_gpt":0.2806696945058434,"score_spread":0.250434179034536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}