{"id":"W1970348873","doi":"10.1007/s10640-014-9871-z","title":"Compelling Evidence of an Environmental Kuznets Curve in the United Kingdom","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental and Resource Economics","topic":"Energy, Environment, Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Kuznets curve; Economics; Endogeneity; Per capita; Gross domestic product; Turning point; Econometrics; Real gross domestic product; Panel data; Instrumental variable; Macroeconomics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001327919,0.0002885573,0.0004810444,0.00023715,0.0001376478,0.00005614147,0.0005250733,0.0001605333,0.000251346],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001803457,0.0002967262,0.0001041322,0.00005614014,0.0004428306,0.0003373552,0.0001883253,0.000286558,0.0001752212],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001943089,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003009751,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002105258,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002393027,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978827,0.0001228108,0.0008924531,0.0006801541,0.00004704254,0.0003748787],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984686,0.0002421796,0.0005360178,0.0006297093,4.258516e-7,0.0001230771],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000132587,0.0008256953,0.8980482,0.00005695123,0.00009547924,0.000006515178,0.003498348,0.0377428,0.001381358,0.05515623,0.0000501703,0.003005613],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00244764,0.0006702928,0.7833301,0.00007154974,0.00002975595,0.00005523863,0.001932312,0.07454147,0.001061419,0.01101123,0.1236545,0.001194432],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968806,0.0007788028,0.0001501963,0.0002400413,0.00008130883,0.0002309084,0.00007884137,0.00001112112,0.001548186],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976938,0.0009368111,0.0003885859,0.0006263501,0.0001065814,0.00001908759,0.00008777624,0.00004460999,0.00009633424],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1236043,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999485,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03011536592002986,"score_gpt":0.1953861083021593,"score_spread":0.1652707423821295,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}