{"id":"W1970938808","doi":"10.2118/162717-ms","title":"Link between Rocks, Hydraulic Fracturing, Economics, Environment, and the Global Gas Portfolio","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE Canadian Unconventional Resources Conference","topic":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Hydraulic fracturing; Natural gas; Petroleum engineering; Unconventional oil; Shale gas; Tight gas; Coalbed methane; Oil shale; Tight oil; Fossil fuel; Geology; Methane; Portfolio; Coal; Economics; Engineering; Waste management; Chemistry; Coal mining","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007487818,0.0003014998,0.0002185999,0.001817452,0.0001636157,0.001220461,0.0002379103,0.0002849327,0.002436064],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003326062,0.0001655885,0.0003588469,0.001970331,0.0004736111,0.001215415,0.0007857475,0.0003632795,0.0001528973],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008227383,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003566086,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003943557,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005002733,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999796,0.000073825,0.00001035636,0.00002998738,0.00006397228,0.00002585574],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998319,0.001060751,0.0003443929,0.00008305799,0.0001416242,0.00005110695],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006535742,0.00003676229,0.4241947,0.00004421587,0.0002325042,0.0003714786,0.0001082341,0.4922492,0.001251319,0.04189599,0.0004241367,0.03912605],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001546049,0.0001789203,0.3953935,0.00005670161,0.00009851239,0.0005906247,0.000762868,0.51269,0.003398899,0.08098534,0.005757639,0.00007157687],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9500707,0.0003067324,0.03814289,0.0002746667,0.000005380909,0.00002748767,0.0006330729,0.00004559075,0.01049345],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946762,0.00009018851,0.004265351,0.000009875695,0.000002878086,0.00001078235,0.0001939282,0.00001136352,0.0007393747],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9960564,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008149445,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009507989381513156,"score_gpt":0.1896124758103039,"score_spread":0.1801044864287908,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}