{"id":"W1971133019","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2664.2012.02186.x","title":"Role of domestic shipping in the introduction or secondary spread of nonindigenous species: biological invasions within the <scp>L</scp>aurentian <scp>G</scp>reat <scp>L</scp>akes","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Ecology","topic":"Marine Ecology and Invasive Species","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Transport Canada; Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Transport Canada; Minnesota Pollution Control Agency","keywords":"Species richness; Ballast; Abundance (ecology); Invasive species; Introduced species; Zooplankton; Ecology; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004372337,0.0001964455,0.0001528448,0.000460711,0.0003160317,0.0005342601,0.000289205,0.0002651309,0.001392073],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009685055,0.0001165176,0.0002396416,0.0003554267,0.0006025732,0.0004724256,0.0005924874,0.0003353453,0.0001515972],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005019043,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005151441,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02253446,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0490168,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997622,0.00006305733,0.00001184304,0.00005840008,0.00004130308,0.00006309848],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989035,0.0001533857,0.0005048581,0.0000544098,0.0001089933,0.0002748571],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001281603,0.00004768628,0.9900723,0.00002150496,0.000041955,0.0003269649,0.0004491859,0.0003956245,0.003072194,0.0001153219,0.00009760805,0.00523156],"study_design_scores_gemma":[7.773676e-7,0.00004665467,0.9986467,0.000004885651,0.000008546842,0.00006004066,0.0005149934,0.0004429576,0.0001118753,0.00001632389,0.0001436891,0.000002615514],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993437,0.00004354535,0.0000370159,0.00001968947,9.799966e-7,0.000001140842,0.00002240597,0.000001290808,0.0005302751],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996887,0.00003213351,0.00005248171,0.000005292863,0.000001472924,0.000001143104,0.00003247523,0.000001098074,0.0001852423],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02253446,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0448066,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02043638034776325,"score_gpt":0.2216919762110671,"score_spread":0.2012555958633039,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}