{"id":"W1971584208","doi":"10.1016/j.fct.2004.06.019","title":"Chemical characterization of different sugar-casein Maillard reaction products and protective effects on chemical-induced cytotoxicity of Caco-2 cells","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Food and Chemical Toxicology","topic":"Advanced Glycation End Products research","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Maillard reaction; Cytotoxicity; Chemistry; Sugar; Casein; Caco-2; Reducing sugar; Chemical structure; Food science; Chemical compound; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; In vitro; Toxicity","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008919898,0.0001965206,0.0003152204,0.00005162027,0.00002804037,0.000004958208,0.00009842779,0.0003188717,0.000002446465],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003716788,0.0001767767,0.0000418122,0.0001218175,0.0001875927,0.000008028987,0.0001275151,0.0002072043,7.742433e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004477185,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005306303,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002393702,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.774089e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987324,0.0000634283,0.0002661705,0.0005387152,0.0001555522,0.0002437465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992815,0.0000394109,0.0001635136,0.0002637505,0.0001471823,0.000104609],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005152492,0.0002814093,0.00004490908,0.0002499183,0.0000470314,0.000001030748,0.00005263524,6.778385e-7,0.9963748,0.0001130483,0.000003010639,0.002316253],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001073917,0.00112713,0.0008637566,0.00003844627,0.00001691636,0.00001837951,0.000009531402,0.000002749863,0.996279,0.0003521907,0.00005527394,0.0001626919],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986995,0.00004828355,0.0001363569,0.0003385575,0.0000555853,0.0006445039,0.00002930588,0.00001167367,0.00003622695],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992347,0.00007177551,0.0002372163,0.00005774325,0.0001691448,0.0000745076,0.0001196074,0.0000208544,0.00001443383],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002153561,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7208744,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01185136979558109,"score_gpt":0.2552719185587488,"score_spread":0.2434205487631677,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}