{"id":"W1971586995","doi":"10.2118/144797-ms","title":"Comparing the Performance and Recovery Mechanisms for Steam Flooding in Heavy and Light Oil Reservoirs","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE Heavy Oil Conference Canada","topic":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Petroleum engineering; Steam injection; Light crude oil; Environmental science; Enhanced oil recovery; Oil viscosity; Vapor quality; Flooding (psychology); Fossil fuel; Waste management; Viscosity; Geology; Engineering; Heat exchanger; Materials science","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002041155,0.0002824393,0.0004318406,0.0004679974,0.0002362414,0.0003406858,0.0005242959,0.0004634771,0.001122211],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007268373,0.0002080376,0.0005275161,0.0002519505,0.0003447117,0.0004712947,0.0003503265,0.0003219168,0.00008948824],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003754967,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003797855,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007451225,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004704423,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999077,0.00001242001,0.000008911831,0.00001431776,0.0000254836,0.00003110007],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996915,0.000139617,0.00005653149,0.00002510286,0.0000578902,0.00002939527],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007942257,0.0003151088,0.02162457,0.0002828957,0.00005196674,0.0003844949,0.0001970567,0.7563657,0.2056753,0.000691914,0.0002207693,0.01339594],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003393792,0.0007191054,0.004684568,0.000008339903,0.00002864681,0.00003316417,0.0001080105,0.9252846,0.06868507,0.0001592503,0.0002327689,0.00002249475],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971831,0.00003887193,0.002092808,0.00002206621,0.000003398442,0.00001465424,0.00005971056,0.00006672773,0.0005185248],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990593,0.00002091529,0.0006730597,0.000001749665,3.939317e-7,0.000007609285,0.00003352456,0.000003997646,0.0001994557],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007451225,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01481575,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0199746016180633,"score_gpt":0.2148881625089816,"score_spread":0.1949135608909183,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}