{"id":"W1972696252","doi":"10.1007/s12564-009-9059-3","title":"Teaching in the shadow: operators of small shadow education institutions in Japan","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Asia Pacific Education Review","topic":"Global Educational Reforms and Inequalities","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Shadow (psychology); Boom; Work (physics); Face (sociological concept); Value (mathematics); Job market; Public relations; Sociology; Psychology; Political science; Computer science; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002426187,0.0001082731,0.0001936807,0.000156391,0.0002462745,0.0000571754,0.0004020546,0.00007572142,0.0002266224],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001330459,0.00007915535,0.00006588005,0.0007351178,0.0001722692,0.0003320449,0.00001418603,0.0003678923,0.00003260611],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001325382,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004436987,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02297541,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02516202,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985139,0.0003396616,0.0004985507,0.000185203,0.0002649006,0.0001977566],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991899,0.0001114987,0.0001711144,0.0003033038,0.0001502275,0.00007392084],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[5.535828e-7,0.0006165836,0.02030432,0.0002363057,0.000002138593,3.497357e-8,0.02002515,4.991397e-7,0.00001736066,0.8896031,0.004705157,0.06448878],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004239622,0.00001145281,0.05114304,0.001152163,0.00001184718,0.000002970314,0.1344536,8.491639e-7,0.0000025819,0.005170661,0.8078842,0.0001242204],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4363347,0.01152524,0.000002892564,0.03982905,0.002119082,0.001193923,0.000008220371,0.00001776015,0.5089691],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9904339,0.005444146,0.0004881245,0.001675559,0.0002501504,0.0003235587,0.00006029875,0.000005571706,0.001318714],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8844324,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9926262,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04341779874940178,"score_gpt":0.3826811448277569,"score_spread":0.3392633460783551,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}