{"id":"W1972988401","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-3016.2009.01054.x","title":"<i>Z</i>‐scores and the birthweight paradox","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology","topic":"Birth, Development, and Health","field":"Medicine","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Medicine; Confounding; Parity (physics); Demography; Statistics; Econometrics; Mathematics; Internal medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02805147,0.0004960886,0.0006352657,0.001324963,0.0008823024,0.002993668,0.001314523,0.001512765,0.003133771],"category_scores_gemma":[0.08829493,0.0003805876,0.001061284,0.001346782,0.007012543,0.002816527,0.002358145,0.003320554,0.0002951506],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001637034,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001776876,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003526622,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002049624,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9857937,0.01195525,0.0002916075,0.0006272278,0.001084162,0.0002481214],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8827446,0.1003266,0.007399539,0.006394248,0.00231579,0.0008191956],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001086436,0.00005951974,0.01273648,0.0001365592,0.0001233989,0.0003806814,0.0006336161,0.01157592,0.0003454257,0.930124,0.002981281,0.04079443],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003593833,0.00005693989,0.003466268,0.00007835786,0.00004192874,0.0002524836,0.0002082624,0.02000953,0.0002850725,0.971109,0.004432079,0.00002412707],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3127305,0.008031021,0.5191574,0.1003045,0.0007696145,0.0001347872,0.0005908227,0.0004977808,0.05778358],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9535062,0.002316359,0.03735357,0.004346244,0.0002688958,0.0001266218,0.00007588048,0.00009005977,0.001916192],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02805147,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1483521,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02633554744144623,"score_gpt":0.3067381442837515,"score_spread":0.2804025968423052,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}