{"id":"W1973267364","doi":"10.2134/agronj2002.1740","title":"Weed Dynamics and Management Strategies for Cropping Systems in the Northern Great Plains","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Agronomy Journal","topic":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":232,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Weed; Agronomy; Cropping system; Tillage; Weed control; Cropping; Crop rotation; Agroforestry; Cover crop; Environmental science; Biology; Crop; Agriculture; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001776974,0.00006520905,0.00007848992,0.000009921559,0.0003065179,0.0002957319,0.000154402,0.00002563116,0.00002920912],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001567624,0.00002115518,0.00003664854,0.00007449467,0.00002279341,0.0001116748,0.0000131849,0.00008018224,0.000004531414],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002827541,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001737924,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007846413,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006757404,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995165,0.00002901585,0.0001449511,0.00009061302,0.00006538127,0.0001535088],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997731,0.00008510445,0.00006003038,0.0000275197,0.00002213108,0.00003207396],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004429574,0.0002133237,0.01638474,0.00005379783,0.0001667527,0.00003276939,0.001714706,0.0008133003,0.006418171,0.1822187,0.003373737,0.7885657],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001021288,0.0002509182,0.8467276,0.00008769758,0.00007120718,0.0002216067,0.03118772,0.02033404,0.000001506941,0.009490205,0.09026176,0.0003445091],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9847056,0.001238987,0.00057034,0.006111633,0.00004213215,0.0005741745,0.000008389347,0.00001217509,0.006736527],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992624,0.0000331895,0.00006559705,0.0001080634,0.0001646383,0.0001071785,0.000004535798,5.003361e-7,0.0002538988],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8303428,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.377079,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02238658688839886,"score_gpt":0.2082684023576518,"score_spread":0.185881815469253,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}