{"id":"W1974502768","doi":"10.2134/jeq2013.03.0077","title":"Treatment of Dissolved Perchlorate, Nitrate, and Sulfate Using Zero-Valent Iron and Organic Carbon","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Quality","topic":"Chemical Analysis and Environmental Impact","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Ministry of Research, Innovation and Science","keywords":"Zerovalent iron; Nitrate; Chemistry; Sulfate; Denitrification; Perchlorate; Chloride; Environmental chemistry; Dissolved organic carbon; Total organic carbon; Inorganic chemistry; Nitrogen; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004121925,0.0002480505,0.0005178052,0.00003580101,0.0000783724,0.00002069725,0.0001063429,0.000083838,0.0004601444],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002042714,0.0001856602,0.0001410842,0.00007411431,0.0005029883,0.000210353,0.0001375871,0.000111362,0.000006646719],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004560983,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004135176,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002627621,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001749149,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982125,0.0001685345,0.0006975692,0.0002684391,0.0004028279,0.0002501979],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989005,0.00008082412,0.0005178651,0.0002061399,0.000002020047,0.0002926573],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007687977,0.0004040221,0.2610366,0.00001170393,0.0000398652,0.000003667199,0.0002546553,0.0001304486,0.7338029,0.000001996534,0.000003298547,0.004234008],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001817791,0.001096261,0.8785407,0.00002696788,0.0002715051,0.0001217195,0.0003558678,0.00136244,0.1154201,0.0003559234,0.0002878421,0.0003428745],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990735,0.0004054524,0.00005861585,0.00006539245,0.00003303362,0.00009430813,0.00001541994,0.000003312991,0.0002509652],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981027,0.001266603,0.0004577578,0.00002884346,0.00003501194,8.007851e-7,0.000003701033,0.00001808053,0.00008648576],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6183828,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7571003,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02250614007438707,"score_gpt":0.2632499690961269,"score_spread":0.2407438290217399,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}