{"id":"W1974689779","doi":"10.1177/1474022204045738","title":"Language and Character","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Arts and Humanities in Higher Education","topic":"Language, Metaphor, and Cognition","field":"Psychology","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Humanity; Consciousness; Autonomy; Character (mathematics); Epistemology; Cognitive science; Psychology; Empirical research; Human language; Task (project management); Sociology; Linguistics; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005348518,0.0000653947,0.00006607767,0.00008196413,0.0000590475,0.00004908516,0.00002561902,0.00003820747,0.002094209],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002021014,0.00005968071,0.000009652606,0.00002651152,0.00005900425,0.0001204539,0.000009567896,0.00006219632,0.00004438067],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001677058,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001307376,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004837406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001421355,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996172,0.00001754783,0.00009059361,0.0001336958,0.00004068985,0.0001003076],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998332,0.0000142949,0.0000280155,0.00008788374,0.00001555857,0.00002107197],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001602808,0.0002276823,0.002769173,0.00002682206,0.00001389513,0.000007399231,0.1184089,4.674298e-8,0.0002018152,0.859417,0.0007324978,0.01817872],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008068568,0.00008132739,0.855903,0.00005982379,0.00002801632,0.00002579811,0.03326452,1.086273e-7,0.0001080728,0.03354878,0.0759545,0.0002191949],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.888502,0.002146074,0.00000157789,0.0004431339,0.0009004139,0.0000817957,0.000002473437,0.00001931248,0.1079032],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9769412,0.00003678161,0.00003172675,0.001542901,0.0004396616,0.00004781609,0.00002850373,0.000008462695,0.02092296],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8531338,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998818,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03851113821550808,"score_gpt":0.3071559871744275,"score_spread":0.2686448489589195,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}