{"id":"W1974859542","doi":"10.1063/1.4864131","title":"High quantum efficiency and low dark count rate in multi-layer superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Physics","topic":"Physics of Superconductivity and Magnetism","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Perimeter Institute; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanowire; Photon; Physics; Vortex; Condensed matter physics; Detector; Quantum efficiency; Superconductivity; Absorption (acoustics); Optoelectronics; Optics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005049422,0.0002899175,0.0005372334,0.00008973683,0.0001437967,0.00009753966,0.0002302831,0.00006679333,0.00002324845],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001073602,0.0002687894,0.0001254036,0.0002399596,0.0001321779,0.001013317,0.00007537657,0.0005514967,0.00000866826],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004751167,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008047302,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001306245,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006306644,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998524,0.00006471653,0.0004986575,0.0002811963,0.0002524474,0.000379028],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990427,0.0001779017,0.0003153956,0.0002139052,0.000113823,0.0001362992],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051786,0.000760692,0.000672838,0.00004475659,0.00005429132,0.000003227464,0.001269392,0.003877416,0.9486882,0.03095114,0.00002926452,0.01359697],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007603674,0.0006754897,0.003172264,0.0003624801,0.0001787873,0.000009630114,0.003656819,0.02097904,0.7301261,0.2312899,0.0005805719,0.001365232],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9894195,0.00003011793,0.009301146,0.00003139075,0.0003545447,0.0001601711,0.000009731054,0.00001167949,0.0006816877],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985344,0.000005946651,0.0007791562,0.00006167377,0.0005596798,0.000006866435,0.000005096397,0.00003704012,0.0000101606],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2185621,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999765,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02145487977492923,"score_gpt":0.2316147021190403,"score_spread":0.2101598223441111,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}