{"id":"W1975218173","doi":"10.1118/1.2839329","title":"The effective point of measurement of ionization chambers and the build‐up anomaly in MV x‐ray beams","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Medical Physics","topic":"Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Ionization chamber; Monte Carlo method; Imaging phantom; Physics; Dosimetry; Linear particle accelerator; Bremsstrahlung; Range (aeronautics); Beam (structure); Optics; Dose profile; Photon; Ionization; Computational physics; Nuclear medicine; Ion; Materials science; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004575087,0.00048246,0.0005355955,0.0009501265,0.0004129713,0.0009849966,0.001253281,0.0008718183,0.0007089174],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0182321,0.0006855459,0.0002838073,0.0009028895,0.001186109,0.001630767,0.001631755,0.0009467238,0.0002490404],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006784639,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004447664,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004107863,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002932344,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9944081,0.001531116,0.0002154328,0.0009732126,0.00259575,0.0002764919],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9852217,0.007936797,0.002465924,0.002392839,0.001778937,0.0002037134],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001106513,0.00005946392,0.0401075,0.0004548711,0.00007544336,0.0003672837,0.001006571,0.01164284,0.869465,0.004850665,0.0001731933,0.07069058],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002918451,0.001030767,0.0870994,0.00007483087,0.00007290755,0.001650949,0.0001549554,0.02106307,0.8829846,0.001514382,0.004223088,0.0001018997],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7837915,0.004855209,0.2080172,0.00008755999,0.00006804179,0.00007876894,0.0002195122,0.0003239023,0.002558426],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.969202,0.0004204134,0.02971108,0.0000172977,0.00001991952,0.00003061166,0.00008900887,0.00007343264,0.0004362415],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004575087,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02419567,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006804626887199404,"score_gpt":0.2416594061273785,"score_spread":0.2348547792401791,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}