{"id":"W1975353578","doi":"10.2118/134248-pa","title":"Experimental and Numerical Study of Improving Heavy Oil Recovery by Alkaline Flooding in Sandpacks","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology","topic":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina; University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Emulsion; Enhanced oil recovery; Petroleum engineering; Oil field; Porous medium; Steam injection; Adsorption; Surface tension; Environmental science; Multiphase flow; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Porosity; Chemistry; Geology; Engineering; Composite material","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002416059,0.000159296,0.0004148004,0.002323008,0.00002908059,0.00001763364,0.0002475184,0.0002618329,0.00002687868],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000100927,0.0001684841,0.00004324584,0.0004983934,0.00006041673,0.0001903008,0.00003146392,0.0008906158,7.036847e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002110595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000931349,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006490156,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02822947,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998853,0.0000176315,0.0005364791,0.0001336111,0.0001360945,0.0003231596],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994118,0.00003764266,0.0001519353,0.0001851306,0.00004590661,0.0001675805],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003475744,0.0001103021,0.005774434,0.00002303067,0.00004880035,0.000109271,0.0001522408,0.0003033462,0.9635267,0.00004643281,0.0008136919,0.02905696],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002507669,0.002846731,0.001201719,0.0001381034,0.00003805204,0.0007653232,0.002312893,0.003678168,0.976145,0.00030203,0.009538954,0.0005253226],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976316,0.0007393809,0.0003693156,0.0001479443,0.0003061089,0.00004169501,0.000009116588,0.00006175129,0.000693095],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975244,0.00006780933,0.002280339,0.00002084089,0.00004088904,0.000008440866,6.407824e-7,0.00003284038,0.00002380704],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02853164,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9895028,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004260057113851085,"score_gpt":0.2115689217893296,"score_spread":0.2073088646754785,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}