{"id":"W1975844927","doi":"10.1029/1999jd900761","title":"An evaluation of historical methane emissions from the Soviet gas industry","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres","topic":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Royal Holloway, University of London","keywords":"Soviet union; Methane; Natural gas; Extrapolation; Greenhouse gas; Environmental science; Range (aeronautics); Investment (military); Methane emissions; Gas pipeline; Atmospheric sciences; Physics; Chemistry; Geology; Mathematics; Materials science; Statistics; Political science; Engineering; Waste management","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006591156,0.0002486377,0.0001461949,0.002513181,0.0002679423,0.0004628029,0.0001831745,0.0002048832,0.0005174169],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001095125,0.0000984959,0.0002988073,0.00211037,0.0001483603,0.0004620767,0.000247182,0.0001455323,0.0001870342],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000878753,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002094561,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01269669,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01734876,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996178,0.0000636797,0.0000408734,0.00007371126,0.0001592576,0.0000446493],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994117,0.000110933,0.0001503365,0.0000407597,0.0002540358,0.000032248],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000181719,0.00003688332,0.9554691,0.0001073643,0.0001552936,0.0003185853,0.0003180802,0.009381496,0.001875334,0.0002587691,0.000565959,0.03133142],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001614176,0.00006840023,0.9948381,0.00001258915,0.00002859321,0.0001189273,0.0001266238,0.002087299,0.0008046579,0.0000369382,0.001870609,0.00000559286],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9946975,0.000447192,0.0004694613,0.00001768166,0.000009257245,0.000005627991,0.001948189,0.00001777239,0.002387339],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965533,0.0002648518,0.0002325953,0.000003798595,0.000008632203,0.000005036479,0.002625555,0.000003541146,0.0003026073],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01269669,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02524555,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04742773296539276,"score_gpt":0.3373941217574822,"score_spread":0.2899663887920895,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}