{"id":"W1976037110","doi":"10.1139/y07-099","title":"Characterizing the mechanism for ginsenoside-induced cytotoxicity in cultured leukemia (THP-1) cellsThis article is one of a selection of papers published in this special issue (part 2 of 2) on the Safety and Efficacy of Natural Health Products.","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology","topic":"Ginseng Biological Effects and Applications","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"University of British Columbia","keywords":"Propidium iodide; Apoptosis; Chemistry; Flow cytometry; Annexin; Cytotoxicity; Molecular biology; Isothiocyanate; Ginseng; Viability assay; Chromatography; Biochemistry; In vitro; Biology; Programmed cell death; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002203484,0.0006997628,0.0005331541,0.0002818875,0.0002290972,0.0004250933,0.0002504199,0.0004130707,0.001313367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001487941,0.0001736888,0.0005290116,0.0002508087,0.0002397003,0.0003956604,0.0001985201,0.0004183759,0.0008654816],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003585177,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002101468,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004294667,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005827092,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997987,0.00005847667,0.00001904547,0.00003668343,0.00005192474,0.00003505726],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998679,0.00002494095,0.00003633333,0.00002723219,0.00003427422,0.000009244985],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002349685,0.00003658184,0.0006154482,0.0001307637,0.00001757308,0.0001211148,0.00002578827,0.00008540176,0.9964322,0.00009086107,0.00007651962,0.002132732],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002133448,0.0003910941,0.00555885,0.00000859721,0.00002652684,0.0005366343,0.00003485279,0.0005940516,0.9909018,0.00006783311,0.001853491,0.000004900557],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9541954,0.01975512,0.01835006,0.0003417119,0.0001602329,0.0005128233,0.002338314,0.0003629654,0.003983399],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9814869,0.007721817,0.005023515,0.0001728998,0.00004788889,0.0002486222,0.001281349,0.00002555194,0.003991523],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001313367,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004393637,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0136183383234705,"score_gpt":0.2662755865689778,"score_spread":0.2526572482455073,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}