{"id":"W1976707996","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2014.08.011","title":"In-situ torrefaction and spherical pelletization of partially pre-torrefied hybrid poplar","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biomass and Bioenergy","topic":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Torrefaction; Pelletizing; In situ; Materials science; Pulp and paper industry; Composite material; Waste management; Pellets; Chemistry; Pyrolysis; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001283074,0.0003859021,0.0002489746,0.0001745318,0.0001769235,0.0002863273,0.0002002075,0.0001883889,0.0008146729],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001041391,0.0001412694,0.0002720814,0.0002335281,0.0001592839,0.0003777222,0.000183365,0.0003407628,0.0002294142],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001432263,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001718014,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001130141,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002604088,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999869,0.000009568646,0.000006582031,0.00002821042,0.00003009836,0.00005644557],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999522,0.00001345854,0.00001370173,0.000005898442,0.000008144595,0.00000660076],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007377587,0.00001037582,0.0001552726,0.00001784532,0.000005677219,0.00003071629,0.00003055207,0.0001305586,0.9986601,0.00003247887,0.00001951854,0.0008330544],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001490951,0.00003673869,0.001401251,7.887917e-7,0.000004450483,0.00002015239,0.00003272179,0.0004351528,0.9978675,0.000007798002,0.0001894512,0.000002529435],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979584,0.0001680802,0.001299783,0.00001770449,0.000008095608,0.000002921284,0.0001345129,0.00002153569,0.0003889677],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983728,0.0001229703,0.0005168798,0.000008552936,0.000001930676,0.000002895846,0.0001742882,0.00001587629,0.0007837822],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001130141,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002725363,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004738158808881145,"score_gpt":0.185781041800679,"score_spread":0.1810428829917978,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}