{"id":"W1976868939","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2015.03.013","title":"Africa’s urbanisation: Implications for sustainable development","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cities","topic":"Urban and Rural Development Challenges","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":405,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Urbanization; Sustainable development; Quarter (Canadian coin); Economic growth; Population; Development economics; Business; Geography; Political science; Economics; Environmental health; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001600453,0.0004013969,0.0002514806,0.00112454,0.003331694,0.004449564,0.0004186833,0.001401201,0.01340762],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002707003,0.0001355404,0.0001940055,0.002388373,0.006743405,0.005163034,0.004776925,0.001716405,0.0003969928],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003723689,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006232502,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01408027,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03587769,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999131,0.0003186245,0.00001961249,0.00005298455,0.00006470762,0.0004130935],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984851,0.0007056842,0.0002555911,0.00004547942,0.0001704814,0.0003376704],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005256982,0.00004170741,0.007710656,0.0006778266,0.0000212849,0.0008056563,0.01945341,0.0006421329,0.0006633202,0.8787332,0.03223084,0.05896735],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002169507,0.00007464523,0.02847001,0.001066356,0.00001954801,0.0007667655,0.1186963,0.0004147143,0.0004337604,0.2258392,0.6241622,0.00003473425],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2100206,0.04776218,0.002382896,0.4715482,0.00156372,0.00005680112,0.0006560037,0.00003704751,0.2659726],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9494393,0.02959334,0.00105094,0.006191026,0.0008237216,0.00005360552,0.0001056866,0.0000188392,0.01272347],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01408027,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04485297,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1459728755880361,"score_gpt":0.3187392512476698,"score_spread":0.1727663756596336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}