{"id":"W1978352870","doi":"10.1086/392809","title":"How Inevitable Are the Results of Successful Science?","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Philosophy of Science","topic":"Philosophy and History of Science","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Subject matter; Epistemology; Subject (documents); Philosophy of science; Energy (signal processing); Philosophy; Computer science; Mathematics; Law; Political science; Statistics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001802517,0.0001493193,0.000239923,0.0003608234,0.002092785,0.0002695537,0.002518585,0.00001947301,0.0002143666],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002384124,0.00009884119,0.00008272371,0.0009842396,0.04785995,0.002540029,0.0001252093,0.0001389271,0.00002802804],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004998282,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003431622,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002196097,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004717495,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972517,0.00002179831,0.0003610339,0.0004952118,0.001444268,0.0004259405],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982264,0.00007570657,0.000345879,0.0006454088,0.0005732423,0.0001333469],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009095297,0.0001990105,0.0001928652,0.00005512725,0.000005486997,0.00000248821,0.02052218,0.00005047795,0.01159594,0.9620566,0.0005141557,0.004714718],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001595451,0.00110489,0.005570288,0.0005154907,0.00005767247,0.00001935234,0.01076478,0.0006526649,0.04725878,0.6847428,0.2466982,0.001019635],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4004669,0.000297645,0.000001378462,0.01579428,0.0005139998,0.0001716709,0.00007444335,0.00003235135,0.5826474],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974689,0.00002515687,0.00008144593,0.0002252177,0.0003470992,0.000005029247,4.874842e-7,0.0000051636,0.001841488],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5970021,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992064,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05043093771007773,"score_gpt":0.2329255042015844,"score_spread":0.1824945664915067,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}