{"id":"W1978566175","doi":"10.1007/s00348-014-1860-z","title":"Size distribution measurement for densely binding bubbles via image analysis","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Experiments in Fluids","topic":"Minerals Flotation and Separation Techniques","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Golder Associates (Canada)","funders":"National Institutes of Health; McGill University","keywords":"Bubble; Centroid; RADIUS; Optics; Distribution (mathematics); Contrast (vision); Mechanics; Materials science; Physics; Computer science; Mathematics; Geometry; Mathematical analysis","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005774339,0.0001089091,0.0001468051,0.00003883387,0.00009597346,0.00003787527,0.0001216663,0.00004505858,0.001071279],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001285483,0.0001050966,0.00007653683,0.0003300582,0.00004634593,0.0001588589,0.00003849659,0.00003447997,0.00008457805],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004043125,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005412722,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001082637,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005976994,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988964,0.00007055316,0.0002615623,0.0002525181,0.0003363511,0.0001826832],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996651,0.00003847405,0.00005167196,0.0001703114,0.00001969678,0.00005470393],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001734196,0.00008797885,0.005968523,0.000002402267,0.00002459707,2.471777e-7,0.0004028063,0.00008065161,0.9858195,0.0003303514,0.005891326,0.001374316],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000563828,0.0000964748,0.019401,0.000006990391,0.00003894316,3.424814e-7,0.00007036397,0.01999058,0.9406298,0.0005264577,0.01843949,0.0002357475],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5094972,0.00002735281,0.4861371,0.0001198675,0.00008577247,0.0003847061,0.0000130248,0.0000869097,0.003648069],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9870092,0.000003845867,0.0120761,0.0001303239,0.00002050878,0.0001823286,0.00006086757,0.000008208969,0.0005086579],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4775119,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998419,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02202469894253534,"score_gpt":0.2961450246633469,"score_spread":0.2741203257208115,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}